Protons are one of the three main subatomic particles found within the nucleus of an atom, along with neutrons and electrons. They carry a positive charge and help to determine the atomic number of an element. Without protons, the universe as we know it would not exist. Protons are made up of smaller particles called quarks, specifically two "up" quarks and one "down" quark. These quarks are held together by the strong nuclear force, creating a stable proton. In chemistry, protons play a vital role in determining the chemical properties of an element. The number of protons in an atom's nucleus determines its identity on the periodic table. For example, hydrogen has one proton, helium has two, and so on. Overall, protons are essential building blocks of the universe, holding together the nuclei of atoms and contributing to the diverse array of elements found in nature. Their unique properties make them a key focus of study in the field of particle physics and chemistry.